![]() Enos launched on an Atlas rocket and made two orbits around Earth, proving to Nasa the journey was safe for astronauts. ****: A rhesus monkey called Sam, and two chimpanzees, Ham and Enos, flew in Mercury capsules before humans. The first Atlas rocket with a Mercury capsule exploded, while the first Mercury-Redstone launch only went four inches off the ground. ****: Before astronauts flew in Project Mercury, Nasa conducted unmanned test flights. The other four went into orbit and circled Earth. ****: Two of Project Mercury's flights were suborbital, meaning they reached space and returned immediately. ![]() The first of six flights under the program was made in 1961, the last took place in 1963. ****: Project Mercury was the Nasa program that put the first American astronauts in space.
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